Utilitarian Perspective of Genetic Testing Essay Example

Utilitarian Perspective of Genetic Testing Paper How do you feel about genetic testing? Genetic testing is a very controversial issue, especially in the workplace. Genetic testing could determine if personnel might possibly develop illnesses and side effects due to exposure of chemicals in the workplace. Yet, the use of genetic testing also brings fear of the outcome of the testing. All articles that I have researched support the utilitarian perspective, which verifies that genetic testing is not a valid measure to determine hereditary diseases and should not be used for employment purposes. However, the deontological perspective would be that genetic testing is moral when it is used properly, controlled and regulated by the appropriate agencies. UTILITARIAN PERSPECTIVE Genetic testing most definitely has its benefits. Knowledge about a genetic tendency toward a disease can help a person take steps to prevent it altogether or lessen its severity when the disease does strike. Yet, people who might benefit from knowing the about the possibility of inheriting a risk for certain diseases may shy away from genetic testing, or other family history information, due to their fear that employers will use that knowledge to deny job opportunities or health insurance. We will write a custom essay sample on Utilitarian Perspective of Genetic Testing specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Utilitarian Perspective of Genetic Testing specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Utilitarian Perspective of Genetic Testing specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The actual testing will identify those that are susceptible to contracting a disease, but is not to be used as a means of diagnostic measures. However, there is a large amount of concern about the potential misuse of genetic information being available to employers. Testing would identify employees or potential employees who are unusually susceptible to workplace risks, or whose genetic makeup could be adversely affected by exposure to workplace toxins. While these results would not only be in the best interest of the employer, but also the employee, there are definite negative aspects to testing. Testing may identify employees or potential employees who may become prematurely unable to work, or who are likely to incur substantial health care bills. In 1995, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) issued a compliance manual for the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) interpreting the ADA as covering genetic information relating to illness, disease or other disorders. The speculation of actually contracting a disease, over the actual predisposition which would make it more likely to contract a disease, do not warrant genetic testing. Genetic testing should not be conducted as it could have an impact on the decision to hire an employee, regardless of their abilities and qualifications. DEONTOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE Genetic testing for the benefit of the individual by limiting exposure to chemicals or other hazardous working conditions by companies is not only a moral but also a humanitarian act. This testing has the potential to save employees lives if conducted in a legal and moral way. A second type of testing is genetic monitoring. Genetic monitoring would determine whether an individual’s genetic material has changed over time, due to workplace exposure to hazardous substances. If there were evidence of genetic changes in a population of workers, this information could be used to target work areas for increased safety and health precautions and to indicate a need to lower exposure levels to those exposed to a previously unknown hazard. The ultimate goal of genetic monitoring would be to prevent, or possibly, reduce the risk of disease caused by genetic damage. Legal documents outlining specific testing requirements should be given to individuals that would be required to be tested. The greatest fear of genetic testing and monitoring is that the results will be used in a negative manner towards the individual. Genetic testing is morally beneficial when agencies utilize testing and monitoring in accordance with federal and state guidelines and have ethical business policies that continue to keep the employee informed of the reasons for testing. CONCLUSION I believe that employers and insurance companies should not conduct genetic testing and monitoring due to the possible misuse of the results. Genetic testing, like all testing, is speculative at best. Results are inconclusive and should not be used to anticipate actual diseases. It is stressed throughout every article that I researched that even though the genetic makeup is present for a disease, does not mean that the disease is present or ever will be present. Testing is moral when used in accordance with regulatory standards of legal testing policies and procedures and when handled responsibly and most importantly, confidentially. People desire to know the results of testing, yet fear them at the same time. The most common reason is the potential misuse and violation of privacy. Bibliography : RESOURCES Employer Use of Genetic Information – Workplace Visions, January/February 1999 Government-Citizen Group Suggests Policies to Limit Genetic Discrimination in the Workplace – The National Human Genome Research Institute Genetic Information and the Workplace – The National Human Genome Research Institute, Department of Labor, Department of Health Human Services, Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, Department of Justice, January 20, 1998 Genetic Screening in the Workplace, American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Risk of Job Bias Seen in Genetic Testing –Paul Recer, Associated Press, March, 21, 1997

Informative Essay - What Can You Use Informational Essay Samples For?

Informative Essay - What Can You Use Informational Essay Samples For?There are tons of free samples that you can use to write an informative essay, but are you sure that you can do this on your own? The truth is that you can use these samples and still get a good grade. And the key to getting a good grade is to make sure that you have the right information in front of you.For example, let's take a look at an essay that you may be required to write for your class at high school. This would be the type of paper that you would need to write if you were to prepare for a test. The key is to make sure that you get your students to understand your points and to have the correct information at their fingertips. This is when using informative essays becomes a necessity.However, the problem with this kind of essay is that most people find it very difficult to write because they don't know how to use it as a useful tool. This is where you should be able to use a free sample that you can use and help them in writing their essay. You can give them a step by step guide and show them how to structure their essay so that it will be one of the best essays that they will have ever written.When you are creating the outline of your essay, make sure that you have all of the information that you will need in order to organize your material and to ensure that it flows properly. When you are writing, don't get ahead of yourself. If you are unable to organize your thoughts and understand your topic, then you will end up having a very difficult time completing the material.The next thing you should consider doing is taking some of the information that you already have and using it as the basis for your essay. Take a look at the popular topics for this kind of essay and see if you can create a basis for your essay that is similar to the topic. If it is an essay about cars, for example, you could use facts about how cars work as the basis for your essay. You should also research as much a s possible so that you know exactly what information you will need to include in your essay.One of the most helpful tools that you will be able to use in order to organize your material and to develop your essay is the fact that you will be able to use free samples. These samples are based on specific topics that you can use for your informational essay. You will be able to use these samples so that you will have everything that you need to write an informative essay.As you are working through the samples in order to make sure that you have everything that you need to complete your assignment, you will also be able to make notes about the subjects that you need to research or that you want to know more about. This is one of the most helpful things that you can do when you are using informative essays. Instead of writing an essay from scratch, you will be able to get a foundation and then use your own ideas to continue your essay and to make sure that it flows well.Finally, when you are writing an informative essay, it is important that you read as much as you can on the topic. Make sure that you have every single bit of information that you will need in order to complete your essay. Using informative essays is a great way to help you in preparing for tests and to help you in taking them.